Mercado del Val, Valladolid (Spain)

Calle Sandoval 2 (2 Sandoval st.)

47001

Valladolid, Spain


Owner

Ayuntamiento de Valladolid (Valladolid City Hall)
Plaza Mayor, 1, 47001 Valladolid (Spain)

User

Asociación de Industriales del Mercado del Val (Owners of the stalls)
47003 Valladolid (Spain)

Contact Details

Miguel Ángel García Fuentes
CARTIF Technology Centre
miggar@cartif.es

Other Information

Visits
It is an open market, so it is possible to enter and visit the common areas of the building without any restriction. For to visit the restriction areas (technical rooms, etc.), you need to contact with the owner.

Related publications
As this building has been part of the FP7 European project CommONEnergy, you can find specific public reports in the web: https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/608678/es
Mercado del Val exterior picture (Own source)
Mercado del Val is an iron market whose construction was completed in 1882 and it is located within the old town of Valladolid, Spain, being currently the oldest preserved market in the city. In 2013, the market was fully renovated recovering a late 19th century representative building of an architecture and commercial activity from that period, being respectful with its essence, but transforming it into an innovative building that meets the potentialities and commercial needs of the 21st century. More pictures in https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/608678/es
Energy performance
20 kWh/m2.y

Climate Zone Csb

Altitude 690 m a.s.l.

HDD 1834

CDD 894

Protection level Listed

Conservation Area:
Yes

Level of Protection:
Mercado del Val is classified as P3 (art. 5.2.7. PECH)

Building age 1850-1899

Year of last renovation:
2016

Year of previous renovation:
1982

Building use Wholesale & Retail

Building occupancy:
Permanently occupied

Number of occupants/users:
48

Building area Net floor area [m²]: 3936,0

Building typology:
Market

Number of floors:
2

Basement yes/no:
Yes

Number of heated floors:
3

Gross floor area [m²]:
4792,0

NFA calculation method:
Useful area (es)

Construction type
Steel frame

External finish:
Glazing façade and Brick

Internal finish:
Glazing façade

Roof type:
Pitched roof

+ MORE - LESS
Mercado del Val exterior picture (Own source)
Mercado del Val exterior picture (Own source)
Mercado del Val exterior picture at night (Own source)
Mercado del Val exterior picture at night (Own source)
Mercado del Val interior picture (Own source)
Mercado del Val interior picture (Own source)
Market before the intervention exterior picture 1 (Source: Ayuntamiento de Valladolid)
Market before the intervention exterior picture 1 (Source: Ayuntamiento de Valladolid)
Market before the intervention exterior picture 2 (Source: Ayuntamiento de Valladolid)
Market before the intervention exterior picture 2 (Source: Ayuntamiento de Valladolid)
Pre-intervention compressors for the refrigeration (Own source)
Pre-intervention compressors for the refrigeration (Own source)
Pre-intervention Air/Water Heat Pumps (Own source)
Pre-intervention Air/Water Heat Pumps (Own source)
Pre-intervention lighting systems (Own source)
Pre-intervention lighting systems (Own source)
Original structure of the market (Source: Commonenergy web page)
Original structure of the market (Source: Commonenergy web page)
Picture of the market showing the previous state
Picture of the market showing the previous state

RENOVATION PROCESS

Architecture

BUILDING DESCRIPTION

Mercado del Val is an iron market located within the old town of Valladolid. Its construction was completed in 1882. The rectangular floor plan is 120 meters long times 19 meters wide, with chamfered corners. It had stones for foundations and plinth and iron for the other elements. Natural ventilation was performed through openings covered by blinds of iron sheets. The first retrofit project of the building was performed in 1982. It focused mainly on maintenance and sanitation of the structure with restoration of the limestone blocks, the wall bricks, slats, and the cover. The water, electricity and heating facilities were also updated. Since the last intervention until year 2013, year in which the building was closed, there was just maintenance works without restructuring the commercial format; which at the end resulted having functional and structural problems.
Urban context
Historic market within the city centre. As can be seen in the picture below (Urban environment of the market) the market is close to the river and the green areas. Also as the market is in the city center and very close to the main square almost all the services are covered (public transport, cultural activities, etc.).

State of repair

Conditions of the envelope
Due to the age of the technical installations and overall deterioration of the building components, the market presented a decadent aspect, without any attraction. It could be said that the market was in much need of a complete redesign to increase its attractiveness for customers and vendors.
Description of pre-intervention building services
Heating and cooling needs were covered by two air/water heat pumps connected to the radiant floor on the ground level and to the air curtains located in each entrance. The refrigeration system was composed by several individual compressor units located in the specific stalls. Heat produced by the condensers was released inside the building. There was not mechanical ventilation system. Natural ventilation was performed through doors and windows. There were two lighting systems: one for the general lighting of the market composed by lighting balloons suspended from metal arches along the corridors and in the entrances; the individual lighting, corresponding to each individual stall, was mainly composed by fluorescent tubes. The artificial lighting system was supported by natural light coming from the windows and skylights.

HERITAGE SIGNIFICANCE

ELEMENTS WORTHY OF PRESERVATION
Steel structure of the building. The steel structure is the original from 1882.
Heritage Value Assesment
The Mercado del Val is classified as P3 (art.5.2.7. PECH regulations) “buildings with considerable architectural or historical values in their exterior configuration and that have an interior architectural typology and composition without values that require their integral protection, but with structural organization and functional distribution suitable for its original use, or easily adaptable to new convenient urban uses. ”

Aim of retrofit

Renovation + Extension
The planned intervention aimed to recover a late nineteenth century building representative of an architecture and commercial activity from that period, being respectful with its essence, but transforming it into an innovative building that meets the potentialities and commercial needs of the XXI century.
Was there any change of use?
The main activity of the market, which is the fresh market, it was maintained. But it was also added the supermarket in the basement of the building.
Stakeholders Involvement
Public sector
Valladolid City Council
Plaza Mayor 1, Valladolid (Spain)
Private Sector
Construction company and subcontractors
Valladolid (Spain)
Research Development
R&D companies within the CommONEergy project
-
Conservation Consultant
-
-
Energy Consultant
CommONEnergy partners
-
Services Engineer
HVAC and electrical engineers in charge of the detailed definition of the HVAC and electrical layouts of the market.
-
Tools used
Was the renovation process done following a specific methodology? No
Energy calculation The energy performance calculation in the design phase was done based on simulations. For the simulations TRNSYS software was used.

RETROFIT SOLUTIONS

External Walls

Solid brick at bottom

Bricks at top

Solid brick at bottom

The old wall was replaced by a new glazing façade. The glazed façade is made by modular façade elements that aim at integrating thermal, daylighting and ventilation functions being responsive when internal and external loads change.

The old brick wall from 1982 was not catalogued as a heritage part of the building.

U-value (pre-intervention) [W/m2K]: 0,738 W/m²K U-value (post-intervention) [W/m2K]: 1,29 W/m²K
More Details
Original wall build-up
Concrete - Mortar cement:
20 mm
Brick - Hollow brick:
60 mm
Air gap - Air chamber:
0 mm
Insulation - Polystyrene:
30 mm
Concrete - Mortar cement:
20 mm
Brick - Solid brick:
120 mm
Retrofitted wall build-up
Other - Glazing:
0mm
Other - Glazing:
0 mm
Bricks at top

Glazing wall

The old brick wall from 1982 was not catalogued as a heritage part of the building.

U-value (pre-intervention) [W/m2K]: 1,642 W/m²K U-value (post-intervention) [W/m2K]: 1,29 W/m²K
More Details
Original wall build-up
Concrete - Mortar cement:
20 mm
Brick - Hollow brick:
60 mm
Air gap - Air chambre:
0 mm
Brick - Hollow brick:
60 mm
Retrofitted wall build-up
Other - Glazing:
0mm
Other - Glazing:
0 mm


Windows

Glazing façade and skylights

Glazing façade and skylights

New glazing façace and windows for the natural ventilation. The glazing façade increase daylighting and make the commercial activities visible from the outside.

The original windows and skylights were not catalogued as a heritage part of the building.

Existing window U-value Glass [W/m2K]: 5,8 New window U-value Glass[W/m2K]: 1,29 Existing window U-value Frame [W/m2K]: 0,0 New window U-value Frame [W/m2K]: 1,29
More Details
Existing window type Awning/Hopper
Existing glazing type Single
Existing shading type Roller blinds
Approximate installation year 1983
New window type Fixed for the façade and movable for the natural ventilation windows
New glazing type Double
New shading type Shading elements in the south façade (movable lamellas).
New window solar factor g [-] 0,333

Other interventions

ROOF

GROUND FLOOR

MEASURES TO INCREASE AIRTIGHTNESS

ROOF

The old roof was completely removed

The old roof was not catalogued as a heritage part of the building.

U-value (pre-intervention) [W/m2K] 1.066 U-value (post-intervention) [W/m2K] 0.377
More Details
Original roof build-up
Other - Chipboard:
200 mm
Other - Mineral wool:
200 mm
Tiles - Clay roof tiles:
20 mm
Other - Concrete vault:
24 mm
Other - Plaster:
10 mm
Retrofitted roof build-up
Tiles - flat ceramic tile:
50 mm
Other natural stone - Basalto:
8 mm
GROUND FLOOR

More info D6.3 Energy Audit "CommONEnergy project"

The floor was not catalogued as a heritage part of the building.

U-value (pre-intervention) [W/m2K] 0.507 U-value (post-intervention) [W/m2K] 0.358
More Details
Original groundfloor build-up
Other - Terrazzo:
20 mm
Concrete slab - Concrete:
250 mm
Finish - Gravel:
350 mm
Retrofitted groundfloor build-up
Other - Mortar:
50 mm
Other - Porcelain flooring:
150 mm
MEASURES TO INCREASE AIRTIGHTNESS

Reconstruction of the complete envelope (Façade, roof, windows).

Airtightness (pre-intervention) [ach@50Pa] 4 Airtightness (post-intervention) [ach@50Pa] 1.2

HVAC

HEATING

VENTILATION

AIR CONDITIONING

DOMESTIC HOT WATER

HEATING

Heating is covered with three reversible geothermal heat pumps getting temperature from vertical bareholes done in the ground (42 bareholes of 120 m). To cover the energy needs it has been selected a low temperature heating and cooling system with radiant floor on the ground floor and first floor and fan coils in the basement. The is also an AHU which can work also in free-cooling mode and has a heat recovery efficiency of more than 65%.

The old heating system based on Air/Water heat pumps was not maintaned.

More Details
New primary heating system
New system type Heat pump
Fuel Electricity
Distribuition system Radiant floor, fan coils and AHU
Nominal power 325.5 kW (heating) kW
VENTILATION

New AHU (Air Handling Unit). Natural ventilation strategies using the windows and skylights implemented in the contol system. When Natural Ventilation covers copletely the ventilation needs of the market, the AHU is OFF.

In the old building there was no mechanical ventilation system. Natural ventialtion was performed through doors and windows.

More Details
Original roof build-up New ventilation system
Type ventilation system AHU and Natural ventilation. Natural ventilation system reduce the cooling needs during summer and reduce the energy consumption for the mechanical ventilation.
Type flow regime The connection of natural ventilation system to the BEMS allow introducing control strategies (e.g: swith off the mechanical ventilation in ther market when natural ventilation is activated)
Heat recovery Yes
Humitidy recovery No
Nominal power kW
Electric power kW
Control system BEMS controls all the energy systems of the market. The BEMS includes all the natural ventilation strategies implemented. There are in the market CO2 sensors to measure the quality of the air.
AIR CONDITIONING

Cooling is covered with three reversible geothermal heat pumps getting temperature from vertical bareholes done in the ground (42 bareholes of 120 m). To cover the energy needs it has been selected a low temperature heating and cooling system with radiant floor on the ground floor and first floor and fan coils in the basement.

The old cooling system based on Air/Water heat pumps was not maintaned.

More Details
New cooling system
Type Heat pump
Distribuition system Radiant floor and fan coils
Nominal power 387 kW (cooling) kW
Electric power kW
DOMESTIC HOT WATER

For the DHW the geothermal heat pumps are supported by storage tanks with electric immersion heaters for legionella prevention. The geothermal heat pumps can produce at the same time DHW and cooling in summer.

The old DHW system based on a natural gas boiler was not maintaned.

More Details
New DHW system
Type with heating system
Hot_water_tank Yes
With heat recovery Yes

RENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEMS

Geothermal

Geothermal

In order to supply both heating and cooling three reversible ground to water geothermal heat pumps are installed, getting temperature from vertical boreholes done on the ground (42 boreholes of 120 m). In order to cover the energy needs it has been selected a low temperature heating and cooling system, with radiant floor on the ground floor and first floor and fan coils in the basement. For the DHW supply, the geothermal pumps will be supported by storage tanks with electric immersion heaters for legionella prevention. The geothermal pumps can produce at the same time DHW and cooling in summer.

Not affect the conservation of the building as the geothermal system is within the building in the basement. Before the retrofitting, no RES systems were installed

More Details
Geothermal System

Energy Efficiency

Energy Performance
Energy performance certificate: Certification based on IPMVP protocol option D as not complete information of the baseline was available.
Voluntary certificates: No
Energy Use
Heating
Primary Energy 326,9 kWh/m2.y
Consumption_estimation_Before: 61,7 kWh/m2.y
Consumption_estimation_After: 20 kWh/m2.y

Primary Energy
Consumption_estimation_Calculation_method: Based on primary energy factors from RITE (Spanish Regulation of Thermal Installations in Buildings)
Consumption_estimation_Before: 1300,2 kWh/m2.y
Consumption_estimation_After: 326,9 kWh/m2.y
Measured Parameters
Internal Climate
Type_of_monitoring: Continuous
Description: Internal monitoring network with temperature, RH and CO2 sensors.
Documents:
IEQ sensors.PNG
IEQ sensors


External Climate
Type_of_monitoring: Continuous
Description: Weather Station with temperature, humidity, wind speed, wind direction, precipitation and radiation sensors.
Documents:
Weather Station.PNG
Weather Station (Own source)


Construction
Type_of_monitoring: Continuous
Description: A large number of sensors (Thermal and electrical meters, comfort, etc.) were installed in the market with control and evaluation purposes. The innovative integration of the multifunctional façade together with the ventilation and shading system, in addition to the geothermal heat pumps and other devices, made necessary the integration of a high number of sensors.
Documents:
Monitoring scheme.PNG
Monitoring scheme of the market (Own source)


Internal Climate

Temperature

The project addressed thermal comfort mainly through natural ventilation and shading strategies. Also the HVAC system was completely redesign.

Indoor Air Quality

Yes, the project addressed the IAQ mainly with natural ventilation strategies. Inside the market there were installed CO2 sensors to contol the levels of CO2. Also some punctual measurements of COVs and formaldehide were performed inside the market.

Daylight

The project addressed visual comfort and for this a new glazzing façade with a shading system was installed to improve as much as possible the daylighting. Also the project installed some luminosity sensors inside the market for the control purposes.

Acoustic Comfort

Some punctual measurements of acoustic comfort were developed inside the market.

Costs

Financial Aspects

The total intervention cost was covered with different sources: - European Commission provide a grant through the European Project "CommONEnergy". - Public funds from the Valladolid City Council and Junta de Castilla y León. - Private funds from the owners of the stalls.

Running Costs
Lifecycle cost
No

Environment

Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Methodology_used: An estimation of the CO2 emissions avoided was developed based on emissions factors from RITE (Spanish Regulation of Thermal Installations in Buildings)
emissions_at_use_stage_before_intervention: 193 kgCO2/m2 per m2
emissions_at_use_stage_after_intervention: 48 kgCO2/m2 per m2
emissions_before_use: NA