GENERAL INFORMATION RENOVATION PROCESS RETROFIT SOLUTIONS EVALUATION

Klitgaarden

Klitgaardsvej 4

3390

Hundested, Denmark

Owner

Thomas B. Svendsen

Klitgårdsvej 4, 3390 Hundested

Contact Details

Ernst Jan de Place Hansen

Department of the Built Environment/Aalborg University

deplace@build.aau.dk

Building seen from North, after renovation

The building is located in Hundested, in the northern part of Zealand about seventy kilometres northwest of Copenhagen, Denmark. Klitgaarden is a free standing single-family house from 1875 in two stories with a total of 221 m2. The building is erected with solid masonry walls and a foundation of granite boulders on top of a stone foundation. The renovation project of the building aimed for a minimum heating requirement and a preservation of original outdoor facade details. It was finished in 2016. The renovation was motivated by a very high-energy demand for heating and in general the fact that the house had not been used in twenty years.

GENERAL INFORMATION RENOVATION PROCESS RETROFIT SOLUTIONS EVALUATION

Energy performance

no data available

Climate Zone Cfb

Altitude 4 m a.s.l.

HDD 232

CDD 0

Protection level Not listed

Conservation Area:
No

Level of Protection:

Building age 1850-1899

Year of last renovation:
1976

Building use Residential (rural)

Building occupancy:
Permanently occupied

Number of occupants/users:
3

Building area Net floor area [m²]: 221,0

Building typology:
Detached house

Number of floors:
2

Basement yes/no:
No

Number of heated floors:
2

Thermal envelope area [m²]:
466,0

NFA calculation method:
Danish Standard DS 418

Construction type

Brick masonry wall

External finish:
Exposed brickwork

Internal finish:
Plastered (on hard)

Roof type:
Pitched roof

+ MORE - LESS

Building seen from South, after renovation

Building seen from East, before renovation

Building seen from NorthEast, during renovation

Building seen from East, after renovation

Building seen from NorthWest, before renovation

Location of Hundested, https://www.google.com/maps/place/3390+Hundested/@55.9612834,11.849252,13z/data=!4m5!3m4!1s0x46520bc36ea52ad5:0x1b3bcc84af790b3!8m2!3d55.967747!4d11.8589619

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NxQ8-Btjv-A

RENOVATION PROCESS

Architecture

BUILDING DESCRIPTION

Klitgaarden is a free standing single-family house from 1875 in two stories with a total floor area of 221 m2. The building was erected with solid masonry walls and a foundation of granite boulders on top of a stone foundation. The gables are one brick thick while the facades are one and a half brick. Windows are with wooden frames and single layer of glass. The building has a thatch pitched roof. Apart from two skylights in the roof, this makes the building a typical Danish example of a house outside a city from the period 1850-1920 (these houses were either with or without external rendering). Further details about this type of houses can be found (in Danish) in http://huseftersyninfo.dk/file/569461/2landhus1850-1920.pdf A comprehensive renovation was finished in 2016 (early 2017)

Urban context

Hundested is a small city at the sea. About 8.600 inhabitants

State of repair

Conditions of the envelope

Due to the state of the hundred and forty-year-old building and the owner’s demands the renovation was initiated. The building was very costly to heat with means of electric radiators and electric water heater and had very poor windows. Applying interior insulation might have been chosen in contrast to the poorly maintained thirty-millimetre exterior insulation which had also changed the appearance of the building. Thus motivation was not only to reduce energy use to an absolute minimum but also to somewhat restore the building’s architecture.

Description of pre-intervention building services

No information on the building services available. The building had not been used for the last 20 years.

HERITAGE SIGNIFICANCE

ELEMENTS WORTHY OF PRESERVATION

The building is not categorized as a building worth preserving. The owner wanted to reestablish the external side of the outer wall (brick masinry without render)

Heritage Value Assesment

The building is not a listed building, according to https://www.kulturarv.dk/fbb FBB is the Danish homepage for listed and preserved buildings

Aim of retrofit

Renovation

The building was very costly to heat with means of electric radiators and electric water heater and had very poor windows. Applying interior insulation might have been chosen in contrast to the poorly maintained thirty-millimetre exterior insulation (added in 1976) which had also changed the appearance of the building. Thus motivation was not only to reduce energy use to an absolute minimum but also to somewhat restore the building’s architecture.

Lessons learned

It was possible both to improve the energy performance (although at present no exact data on how much was saved) and restore the original expression of the building

Tools used

Was the renovation process done following a specific methodology? No

RIBuild_D3.2_v1.0_1.pdf

RETROFIT SOLUTIONS

External Walls

Solid masonry wall

80 mm of internal insulation was added to the wall. Sensors are installed in all external walls. In addition to the built-in sensors, some reference sensors are placed inside and outside. The sensors are somewhat focused in the northwest and southeast end of the building. Roof and first floor is not monitored. The built-in sensors measure relative air humidity and temperature in the interface between masonry and insulation to assess the moisture condition in the interface. Additionally, some practical measurements are carried out with Karsten Tube, Troxler and HF. 15 mm of insulation was installed in the window sills to reduce thermal bridges.

The existing external insulation (added in 1976) was removed as part of the renovation process, bringing the external facade back to the original look

Renovated building seen from one of the gable facades

U-value (pre-intervention) [W/m2K]: 1,4 W/m²K U-value (post-intervention) [W/m2K]: 0,3 W/m²K

More Details

Original wall build-up

Render - Lime-cement mortar:
10 mm

Brick :
350 mm

Render - Lime-cement render:
3 mm

Retrofitted wall build-up

Insulation - Inner layer of retrofitted wall consisting of a cover layer, the insulation and a fixing layer (ensuring contact to the existing wall):
100mm

Render - Lime-cement mortar:
10 mm

Brick :
350 mm

Render - Lime-cement render:
3 mm

Windows

Ground floor window

Skylight

Ground floor window

The old wooden window has been renovated and reused as the wooden parts were in good condition. However as the building is situated close to the coast in an aggressive environment, the owner has considered to replace with Wood/Alu frames to avoid maintenance externally. The glazing bar has been partially removed making it possible to replace three smaller panes with one larger

Some parts of the window were maintained (e.g. frame)

Existing window U-value Glass [W/m2K]: 5,8 New window U-value Glass[W/m2K]: 0,7

More Details

Existing window type	Casement window
Existing glazing type	Single
Existing shading type	NA
Approximate installation year	2016

New window type	Casement window
New glazing type	Double
New shading type	NA
New window solar factor g [-]	0,73

Skylight

Replaced from single layer to triple layer windows

Three layer window (6-12-4-12-4) with one layer 6 mm laminated energy glass and one layer 4 mm hardened glass. It was not possible to keep the old frame due to bad condition

New window U-value Glass[W/m2K]: 0,7

More Details

Existing window type	NA
Existing glazing type	Single
Existing shading type	NA

Other interventions

ROOF

GROUND FLOOR

OTHER

MEASURES TO INCREASE AIRTIGHTNESS

ROOF

Thermal insulation was added at the inside of the roof

The roof cladding is of the same type (thatched roof) as before; changes were made at the inside only (adding insulation)

Building after renovation of facades and roof

U-value (post-intervention) [W/m2K] NA

More Details

Original roof build-up

Other - Thatched roof:
200 mm

Other - Wooden laths:
50 mm

Other - wood wool?:
50 mm

Other :
100 mm

Retrofitted roof build-up

Other - Thatched roof:
199 mm

Other - Thermal insulation:
135 mm

Other - Vapour barrier:
1 mm

GROUND FLOOR

New ground floor including floor heating and thermal insulation

Floor heating was added at renovation but hidden in the concrete slab

More Details

Original groundfloor build-up

Concrete slab :
101 mm

Floor joists :
0 mm

Other - Floor boards:
0 mm

Retrofitted groundfloor build-up

Insulation :
230 mm

Concrete slab :
100 mm

OTHER

Drain around the building Water proofing of foundation This was done due to the building being quite moist and smelly

This part of the renovation is not visible when finished, i.e. does not change the expression of the building

Preparing the building for drain and water proofing

MEASURES TO INCREASE AIRTIGHTNESS

As part of renovating the roof a vapour barrier was applied

HVAC

HEATING

VENTILATION

HEATING

The building was heated with electric radiators and electric water heater. This is replaced by floor heating and a heat pump

The new heating system is less visible than the old one. Radiators was not part of the original building, i.e. the building has now a more original expression

More Details

	New primary heating system	New secondary heating system
New system type	Heat pump	Ground heat
Fuel	Electricity
Distribuition system	Air	Radiating floor
Nominal power	10 kW	kW

VENTILATION

As part of the renovation a mechanical ventilation with heat exchanger was installed to ensure a good indoor climate, also in periods with no one using the building. The ventilation was installed with a separate heating coil to make it possible to adjust the heat faster than allowed by the floor heating.

More Details

Original roof build-up	New ventilation system
Type ventilation system
Type flow regime
Heat recovery	Yes
Humitidy recovery
Nominal power	capacity 345 m3/h kW
Electric power	kW
Control system

Energy Efficiency

Energy Performance

Energy performance certificate: No
Voluntary certificates: No

Energy Use

Primary Energy
Consumption_estimation_Calculation_method: NA
Consumption_estimation_Including_DHW: No

Measured Parameters

Internal Climate
Type_of_monitoring: Continuous
Description: Relative humidity and temperature each 30 minutes at two locations in the building since 01-01-2018

Documents:

RIBuild_D3.2_v1.0.pdf

External Climate
Type_of_monitoring: Continuous
Description: Relative humidity and temperature close to the building each 30 minutes since 01-01-2018

Construction
Type_of_monitoring: Continuous
Description: Relative humidity and temperature at seven locations within the construction each 30 minutes since 01-01-2018. Most sensors are positioned between insulations and brick mansonry

Costs

Financial Aspects

The cost of the renovation is not public available. The cost for the energy saving measures is estimated to be about half the total cost.